Home Inspections: Deal Breakers or Makers?

A home inspection is simply a visual examination of a house's overall condition. The home inspection report describes a house's physical shape and identifies what might need crucial repair or replacement. Although what's covered in a standard report can vary by inspector, typically the status of the following will be included:

• heating system
• central air conditioning system
• interior plumbing and electrical systems
• roof
• attic
• visible insulation
• walls
• ceilings
• floors
• windows
• doors
• foundation
• basement
• all structural components.

A home inspection is not an appraisal, which determines market value, and it's not a municipal inspection, which verifies local code compliance. Inspectors won't survey inaccessible areas of home; they don't do any kind of destructive testing — only non-invasive visual assessments. The report won't include the condition of every nail, wire or pipe in the home. The report also does not guarantee a home's components will never fail or need repair in the future.

So, what are the deal breakers of a home inspection? That depends entirely on you. What is and is not a deal breaker depends on each person's preferences and needs. For example, an inspection that identifies damaged floor joists might be a deciding factor for one person who feels the problem is too expensive or time-consuming to fix.

However, the same trouble with joists might be absolutely acceptable for another client who has resources to fix the issue. A home inspector does not tell a customer whether or not to buy a house. Rather, it's his or her job to provide all the available information so home buyers (or sellers) can make the decision that's right for them.

If you're thinking of buying a house and a home inspector finds problems with it, this doesn't automatically mean you shouldn't buy it. The findings simply mean you now know what you're getting into. If the plumbing needs to be replaced in six months, at least you won't be surprised when it happens. If major problems like this are found, the seller may agree to make the repairs. Of course, no house is perfect. It's quite normal for a residence to have some glitches. It just depends on how many faults you're willing to deal with before you walk away from the sale.

Home inspections differ based on the person or organization conducting them. The American Society of Home Inspectors (ASHI), for example, is not required to check for wood-destroying organisms or diseases harmful to humans, including mold or moldlike substances. Many inspectors offer services to check for these things, although some will charge an additional fee.

Besides having the right things covered in an inspection, you should also make sure you hire the right person for the job. Unfortunately, there's no surefire way to vet an inspector's complete history. However, there are a number of steps you can take to make an informed decision.

Consult your real estate attorney or ask friends, business acquaintances or professionals who understand the housing industry for a recommendation. If you already have someone in mind, ask the inspector for professional references and call the people on this list with specific questions about the inspector and the services provided. Before you hire someone, make sure you're comfortable with him or her first. Have a conversation ahead of time and review sample reports to make sure you can understand them.

Besides checking with ASHI, there are other reputable resources such as the National Association of Home Inspectors (NAHI) and the National Association of Certified Home Inspectors (NACHI).

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Could Your Shaky Personal Finances Get You Fired?

According to a recent study by the Society for Human Resource Management, some 83% of HR professionals think personal financial challenges have at least some impact on employees' performance. Those same HR professionals aren't blind to economic reality — 80% of them believe employees at their organizations are facing more financial challenges than they were five years ago.

Though the consequences are unpleasant, the logic is fairly straightforward: If someone can't maintain control of their own financial situation when their personal money is on the line, what would make them motivated to be a better steward of the company's money belonging to nameless and faceless shareholders?

That said, at most companies, having personal money troubles are not a fire-able offense. But if your performance is slipping, the odds are slim that your boss will pick you for the next available role of increasing responsibility. If the company also has reason to believe money troubles are behind your performance slippage, you can expect significantly tighter scrutiny on whatever areas you do have any individual discretion over.

Is it fair to have career troubles just because you're having money troubles at home? Probably not, but speaking frankly, whether it's "fair" or not doesn't really matter. It is what it is.

If you are having money troubles, the first step toward regaining control is to stop trying to put on flashy displays of wealth you don't really have. You're neither fooling nor impressing anybody by showcasing your spending, and your employer already knows what you make. Spending money faster than your boss knows you're earning it is a major red flag and can actually invite more scrutiny, not less.

Even in less instantly obvious ways, taking control of your finances is largely a matter of understanding — and making tough choices — on how and where you spend your cash. Brown-bagging your lunch can easily save you between $20 and $40 a week versus eating out, and home-brewed coffee instead of a couple daily cups from the coffee shop can have a similar impact.

No matter how you choose to cut back, doing so will help you take control of your finances. And with control over your finances, you'll gain the opportunity to stop the career death spiral that otherwise threatens to turn some short-term cash flow issues into a serious long-term problem.

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Home Prices Fall More Than Expected

According to the closely watched S&P/Case-Shiller composite index, U.S. single-family home prices fell more than expected in November, highlighting the continuing struggle of the housing market to make a meaningful recovery.

Like most measures of the economy, the S&P/Case-Shiller home price index is not perfect. However, it has a critical shortcoming that almost no one talks about.

We already know the data comes in on a bit of a lag. The data doesn't hit the database until the public filing after closing. But the closing may be months after the agreement between buyer and seller (and the banks that provide financing). Ultimately, the lag can be a long time (sometimes up to six months) between when a price is agreed upon, the mortgage is secured, the closing occurs, and the sale is recorded and available for public use.

The Case-Shiller index is based on closings. However, four to eight weeks from contract to closing is major lag. November home price data reflects September or October prices at contract, which is the more relevant measure for a home buyer or seller. In other words, it would be inaccurate for users of the Case-Shiller data to assume the monthly index data reflects monthly market prices without some additional lag.

Furthermore, the time from contract to closing may vary depending on the city, which would make the Case-Shiller indices even more problematic. Those using such data as the Case-Shiller index data need to be aware of exactly what the data is really saying.